OSI
Model is a model which defines how the applications are communicate in a
network. It is conceptual model and standardized the way of network
communication in a telecommunication or computing system. It is a logical model
not physical.
ISO (International Standards Organization) Developed the OSI (Open System Interconnection Model ) in 1983 and its published on 1984. ISO standard number for OSI is 7498.
Seven layers of the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model.
1. Physical Layer
Transport layer is responsible for end to end data transfer from source to destination. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are the best example of the data link layer works on the IP (Internet Protocol ).
Transport Layer makes the connectivity reliable with checking the network flow control, Segmentation/Desegmentation and errors. Some of the protocols are the connection oriented protocols caused it has to keep tracking the failed segments and re-transmit them again.
Transport layer also get the acknowledgement of the successful data transfer.
5. Session Layer
Session Layer basically manage the network connection between source to destination. If connection failed it has to re-initiate it.
It has to establish connection, terminate and handling between the source and destination.
6. Presentation Layer
Presentation Layer works with the syntax and semantics between the application The presentation layer has to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept and vice versa. Presentation layer clear the compatibility problems
It also add the encryption/decryption if the its above layer (Application Layer) Needed.
7. Application Layer
Application layer is the end layer of the OSI model. This layer provides data to the presentation layer and obtains data from the presentation layer. This application interacts with the software application directly.
Application layer checks for the resources are available for communicating with the application software.
Protocols supported by each layer of OSI model are as below.
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ISO (International Standards Organization) Developed the OSI (Open System Interconnection Model ) in 1983 and its published on 1984. ISO standard number for OSI is 7498.
Seven layers of the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model.
(Layer 7) Application Layer
(Layer 6) Presentation Layer
(Layer 5) Session Layer
(Layer 4) Transport Layer
(Layer 3) Network Layer
(Layer 2) Data Link Layer
(Layer 1) Physical Layer
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| courtesy - networksmania.wordpress.com |
1. Physical Layer
Physical Layer is basically interact with data transmission into the physical medium. It defines the relationship between the devices and the physical transmission medium such as cable or radio frequency. It also can define the transmission mode such as duplex, full duplex or half duplex.
Example for the physical layer technologies include Ethernet cables, additionally hubs and repeaters.
2. Data Link Layer
Data link layer takes data from the physical layer and checks it for the transmission errors and correct errors.
Data link layer divides into two sub-layers
MAC (Media Access Control) Layer - It responsible for controlling how devices in a network gain access to medium and permission to transmit it
LLC (Logical Link Control) Layer - responsible for identifying Network layer protocols and then encapsulating them and controls error checking and frame synchronization.
The MAC and LLC layers of IEEE 802 networks such as 802.3 Ethernet, 802.11 Wi-Fi, and 802.15.4 ZigBee, operate at the data link layer.
3. Network Layer
4. Transport LayerThe MAC and LLC layers of IEEE 802 networks such as 802.3 Ethernet, 802.11 Wi-Fi, and 802.15.4 ZigBee, operate at the data link layer.
3. Network Layer
Network Layer provides the routing technologies and it creates the logical path for data transmitting from one node to another node. with support routing it maintains the logical addresses such as IP address for devices on the network.
When data arrives at the Network layer, the source and destination addresses contained inside each frame are examined to determine if the data has reached its final destination.
Transport layer is responsible for end to end data transfer from source to destination. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are the best example of the data link layer works on the IP (Internet Protocol ).
Transport Layer makes the connectivity reliable with checking the network flow control, Segmentation/Desegmentation and errors. Some of the protocols are the connection oriented protocols caused it has to keep tracking the failed segments and re-transmit them again.
Transport layer also get the acknowledgement of the successful data transfer.
5. Session Layer
Session Layer basically manage the network connection between source to destination. If connection failed it has to re-initiate it.
It has to establish connection, terminate and handling between the source and destination.
6. Presentation Layer
Presentation Layer works with the syntax and semantics between the application The presentation layer has to transform data into the form that the application layer can accept and vice versa. Presentation layer clear the compatibility problems
It also add the encryption/decryption if the its above layer (Application Layer) Needed.
7. Application Layer
Application layer is the end layer of the OSI model. This layer provides data to the presentation layer and obtains data from the presentation layer. This application interacts with the software application directly.
Application layer checks for the resources are available for communicating with the application software.
Protocols supported by each layer of OSI model are as below.
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| courtesy - hafiyver.blogspot.in |
:- Post your comments below if you find it helpful.👎👎
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