When there is different routing protocols configured on the routers then required redistribution. Suppose, if there is a large company and many of the system administrator their and multiple routing protocols are configured then redistribution is necessity.
Metrics :- When redistribute one protocol to another at that time metric plays a very important role in the redistribution. Every routing protocol use different metric. Suppose The RIP (routing information protocol) is based on hop count but EIGRP ( Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol ) used metric based on bandwidth, Delay, Load and MTU, When you configured Redistribution then you have to define metric that is understandable for the receiving routing protocols.
In above diagram R1 and R3 are configured on different protocols. R1 is using RIP (Routing Information Protocol ) whereas R3 is configured with EIGRP ( Enhanced Routing Information Protocol ) and both of the routers are connected with "Boundary Router".
R1 will not be able to communicate with the R3 as both routers are configured with different routing protocols.
For communication between R1 and R3 you need to configuration redistribution on Boundary Router so that both routers can exchange route information between them and can transfer packets.
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