MAC Address is a physical address of a computer system or a devices. MAC address is called physical address because it cannot be changed. IP address is a logical address and can be changed as per the requirement but the MAC doesn't.
MAC address is 48 bit and most often assigned by the manufacturer of a network interface controller (NIC) and stored its in hardware such as card ROM (Read Only Memory). MAC is identified a device uniquely used a MAC address. MAC Address is work on the Data-link Layer of an OSI model.
MAC addresses are formed according to the rules of one of three numbering name spaces managed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): MAC-48, EUI-48, and EUI-64.
MAC address can be identified using command ipconfig /all on Windows OS and command ifconfig will show you the MAC address on Linux platform.
ARP (Address resolution protocol) is used to identify the MAC address/Physical address from an IP address. If you are on a windows machine arp -a command will show you your neighbor device/computer MAC and IP address as well.
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